TY - JOUR AU - Karin Kandananond, PY - 2016/12/03 Y2 - 2024/03/28 TI - THE EXPERIMENTAL DESIGN AND CARBON FOOTPRINT ASSESSMENT OF NON-GLAZED FLOOR TILES JF - GEOMATE Journal JA - INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF GEOMATE VL - 13 IS - 35 SE - Articles DO - UR - https://geomatejournal.com/geomate/article/view/1270 SP - 48-53 AB - <p>Carbon emission from the manufacturing sector is a critical issue which is concerned by the<br>environmental authorities since the violation of the carbon emission cap might lead to the sanction by one of<br>Thailand's largest trade partner, European Union (EU). As a result, it is important for the manufacturers to be able<br>to assess their own products' carbon footprint. In this study, the selected case study is a ceramic factory which<br>manufactures non-glazed floor files. The scope of evaluation covers Business-to-Customer (B2C) transaction<br>while the life cycle of a product includes four stages, i.e., resource extraction, manufacturing, distribution, use and<br>waste disposal. The study results indicate that the highest contribution to the carbon emission is from the extraction<br>of ceramic clay while the manufacturing stage has the second highest effect on the emission. The distribution of<br>products, use and disposal are the life cycle stages which have small effects on the emission. Another objective of<br>this research is to conduct an empirical study which leads to the capability to quantify the effect of different factors<br>on the manufacturing of floor tiles. According to the experimental study, three factors, i.e., chalk clay, ball clay<br>and feldspar, are considered as the process inputs while the response variables are percent absorption and hardness.<br>Elaborately, 23 full factorial design was deployed to study the find the relationship between inputs and outputs.<br>The results has two folds. The first fold is useful for the manufacturers who would like to understand how much<br>their product has emitted the greenhouse gas to the atmosphere and it might lead to the minimization of their<br>emission. Moreover, the relation between the tile characteristic and factors affecting the manufacturing is known<br>so the manufacturer is able to efficiently optimize the manufacturing process in order to achieve the highest quality<br>products.<br><br></p> ER -