EARTH MASONRY UNIT: SUSTAINABLE CMU ALTERNATIVE

Abstract

This paper provides a justification for a masonry building block fabricated from soil materials
that could radically improve the environmental profile of concrete masonry. Conventional concrete masonry
units depend on the reaction of ordinary Portland cement to provide strength and durability. While effective at
meeting structural requirements, a study has shown that production of ordinary Portland cement causes 6-7%
of global greenhouse gas emissions. In contrast, the principal component of stabilized earth mix designs is soil,
a ubiquitous, innocuous, and almost unlimited resource that offers the potential of sustainable cradle-to-cradle
environmental performance over a full life cycle of products. The paper presents research investigating the
characteristics of a range engineered soil blends and natural soil sources. The research is applied toward the
production of an environmentally sustainable stabilized earth masonry building block capable of meeting
current ASTM concrete block performance specifications while reducing embodied energy by as much as 50%
due to the reduction of energy-intensive Portland cement binders, dramatically reducing CO2 emissions of one
of the most common construction materials on the planet.