SIMULATION OF SMOKE DISPERSION AND TEMPERATURE DISTRIBUTION ON KEBON MELATI SUB-DISTRICT FIRE USING COMPUTATIONAL FLUID DYNAMICS

Abstract

Kebon Melati sub-district is one of the densely populated areas in the capital city of Jakarta which is prone to fires. In the last twenty years, there have been three cases of fire mostly caused by electrical short circuits. Those fire cause fire smoke dispersion and fire propagation as secondary impact. The aim of this research is to analyze fire smoke dispersion pattern and temperature distribution pattern around hotspots, also to analyze potential area that has to encounter those secondary impacts, henceforth the side that can be used as an evacuation route can be determined. Google Maps, AutoCAD 2015, Revit 2015, Autodesk Flow Design 2015, and Fire Dynamics Simulator are used in this research. Autodesk Flow Design 2015 simulation result wind flow in the west side of Kebon Melati sub-district is more stable than in the east and middle side which have wind flow turbulence as effect of wind flow separation by skyscraper buildings. On the outer west side of Kebon Melati sub-district, wind velocity increase up to 9 m/s as effect of wind flow separation by skyscraper buildings. Fire Dynamics Simulator simulation result, in 30 s simulation with 10.000 kW/m² Heat Release Rate per unit Area, fire smoke disperse up to 1.440 m in South direction. The South Side has the greatest potential for reduced visibility, fire smoke pollution, and fire propagation. The sides that can be used as evacuation route is the Westside and the Middle side which has more stable wind flow than the East side.