ROLE OF GOVERNMENT AND PRIVATE SECTOR IN MARINE ECOTOURISM RELATED TO CONSERVATION OF BIODIVERSITY IN SERIBU ISLANDS

Abstract

Ecotourism has relation with conservation of biodiversity which recently shows bad condition on
the marine ecosystem. This research analyzed how the role of government compared to the private sector was
conducted in Pramuka and Air Island based on the type of ecological zone and further conformity of ecotourism
was assessed based on biodiversity of living organisms in both islands. Line intercept transect method was used
in this study stretched along the parallel 85 m into the coastline with three replications over 25 m. Combination
of 100 m Line intercept transect method and 20 m diameter of circular transect method inside were used to
measure identify plants. Bird species was observed by the distance sampling point count method. Interview with
local people surrounding islands was also conducted to get the information on anthropogenic activities. The
study showed that coral diversity in Pramuka and Air Island were in moderate level (1.00 <H '<3.00),
nevertheless live coral coverage in Pramuka Island was 29.17% of 73.44% total coral coverage lower than Air
Island (49% of 55.62%). Seagrass species found in Pramuka Island were 6 species and only 3 species were found
in Air Island whereas mangrove species was lower in Pramuka Island than Air Island. For ecotourism conformity,
Pramuka Island was confirmed for recreation and seagrass ecotourism category whereas all tourism categories
were confirmed in Air Island. Despite ecotourism in both islands likely destroyed the environment, conservation
of biodiversity on marine ecosystem seemed ineffectively managed or even ignored by government neither
private sector. Recovery by nature seems to play a greater role in biodiversity conservation in both islands.