FORECAST OF PRODUCTIVE AND BIOLOGICAL EFFECTS OF METAL NANOPARTICLES ACCORDING TO TOLERANCE INDEX

Abstract

In the experiment, different-sized NPs of the same elements are compared: iron nanoparticles
sized 50.0±15 nm (FeaNPs) and iron nanoparticles sized 80.0±5 nm (FebNPs); copper nanoparticles sized
55.0±15 nm (CuaNPs) and copper nanoparticles sized 103.0±2 nm (CubNPs). Studies have shown that metal NPs
with different physicochemical characteristics show different activity against E. coli K12 TG1 and have different
productive effects on broiler chickens. The experimentally established constants of NP concentrations that
determine the "quenching" of bioluminescence are closely related to the presence of biological action of metals
on the chicken model. A new criterion for predicting the productive effect of NPs is proposed - the tolerance
index (TI). The balance of the toxic dose of metal-microelement (EC50 for E. coli) and the biological level of
microelement consumption determines the biological meaning of TI for broiler chickens (mmol/kg W0.75×24
hours). As follows from calculations for metal NPs having TI<1, the absence of a productive effect is
characteristic, for metal NPs having TI>1, on the contrary, the growth-stimulating effect on the model of broiler
chicken is characteristic. Signs of the presence of oxidative stress and cell cytolysis, revealed by the activity of
alanine aminotransferases (ALT), aspartate aminotransferases (ACT), lactate dehydrogenase (LDG), gammaglutamyl transferase (GGT), catalase (CT), total superoxide dismutase (T-SOD), malonic dialdehyde (MDA)
were registered with the introduction of small-sized copper and iron nanoparticles with TI <1.