HYDROLOGICAL CHARACTERISTICS AND WATER MANAGEMENT IN THE AIR SUGIHAN SUB-RIVER BASIN, SOUTH SUMATERA, INDONESIA

Abstract

Characteristics of suboptimal land, which is usually located in a river basin area, is strongly
influenced by soil conditions, hydrology and climate, in which its management requires an integrated data
assessment and utilization. In order to examine the climatic and hydrological conditions as well as the tidal
effect in the Air Sugihan sub-river basin, a water balance analysis was conducted on the combined climatic
data obtained from satellite remote sensing and in-situ monthly tidal data for a period of 2001-2013. The
climatic data includes a monthly precipitation data, surface winds, surface temperature, surface, and subsurface
runoff. The water balance analysis shows that the average total annual runoff occurring in the study area was
about 87.7 mm/month or equal to 102.67 m3
/s. In addition, the water balance in the study area indicates an
annual variation, in which the water deficit conditions are occurring in April to September with a peak during
a dry season in August, while the surplus peak is occurring in November-December. However, the area is still
experiencing a net annual surplus of about 302,468.81 m3
/month. Furthermore, the water balance conditions
in the Air Sugihan sub-river basin are significantly correlated with the tidal fluctuations indicated by a
coefficient correlation of r = 0.88.