THE STUDY OF CONSTRUCTION MATERIALS SOURCES FROM OLD BUILDING: A CASE STUDY ON MUARAJAMBI TEMPLE, JAMBI PROVINCE, INDONESIA

Abstract

Muarajambi temple area contains old buildings, which are made of various types of materials. The problem is whether the building materials come from around Muarajambi temple area. This study aims to determine the position of Muarajambi temple area on the regional geological map to determine the types and sources of material for Muarajambi temple. The method used in this study describes the restricted layout using geological maps, petrographic analysis of temple building samples, and XRF and XRD analysis of pottery and rock sediment samples. The results showed that the temple area was in the Muara Enim, Kasai, and alluvial rock formations. The results of the petrographic analysis showed that the samples contained in Kembarbatu Temple: were claystone, Kedaton Temple: quartz arenite, and Gumpung Temple: tuffaceous sandstone, which characterizes the characteristics of the Muaraenim and Kasai rock formations. The results of XRF analysis of 3 samples of artifacts (pottery vessels) from Gedong and Astano temples showed high levels of quartz, namely Silica 24.21% and aluminum 10.52. Likewise, the results of the XRD analysis of the pottery vessels from Kedaton Temple and Astano Temple contained high quartz (SiO2 86.2%) and tellurite (SiO6 67.2%). This has similarities with two sediment samples (T-366 and T-367) taken from the banks of the Batanghari River containing high quarts (SiO2 70.6%) and tellurite (SiFe2O4 43.9%). Based on the results of the Petrography, XRF, and XRD analysis indicated that the materials from the temple buildings and artifacts were made from in-situ materials.