STAGE ANALYSIS OF FOUNDATION SETTLEMENT IN RETAINED EXCAVATIONS USING PLAXIS 2D

Abstract

The relevance of the topic is due to the need to design and construct foundations in conditions of dense urban development and weak soils. The aim of this work is to study the features of pile foundation design, taking into account the stability of the excavation and the effect of phased loading on foundation settlement. The novelty of the research lies in the numerical modeling of phased construction using a wall in the ground, as well as the analysis of changes in the stress-strain state of the foundation, taking into account the stages of pile installation. Calculations performed in the Plaxis 2D software environment showed that when a five-story building is fully loaded, the foundation settlement does not exceed 1 cm, which is within the maximum permissible values according to the standards. The maximum horizontal displacement of the enclosing wall was 0.45 cm, which also indicates its stability at an excavation depth of up to 3 m and the presence of anchors. The results confirm the effectiveness of the combined system—walls in the ground, anchors, and pile foundations—when building on weak soils in confined conditions. The work is of practical value for the engineering and geotechnical justification of construction solutions in densely built-up areas.