THE EFFECT OF WASTE COOKING OIL BIODIESEL TO THE DIESEL ENGINE PERFORMANCE

Abstract

The non-renewable fossil energy and petroleum are the core of the energy source of the vehicles whose availability increasingly limited. The issues of the energy crisis and environmental pollution as the effects of the emission products of the burning fossil oil have become the global main problems. This study was conducted experimentally method, starting from the fuel characterizations, combustion process, engine emission, and engine performance. The fuel characterizations are based on Indonesia’s national standardization for the used waste cooking oil biodiesel fuel. The characterizations of the combustion, the performance and the engine emissions were undertaken by adjusting the degrees of the injection time, namely, advanced and retarded by 3⁰ and 6⁰ CA (Crank Angle) respectively. The results indicated that use of 100% cooking oil biodiesel reduce the duration of ignition delay until 4 degrees, the duration of premixed combustion is up to 2 degrees, the total heat release is up to 26%, the amount of soot emissions is up to 30% and the increase of the duration of diffusion combustion is 3 degree compared with the fossil diesel. The measurement of the engine performance indicated that the addition of the percentage of the cooking oil biodiesel into the mixture decreases on performance (torque, power, B_mep and thermal efficiency) of 1 - 4% for each 25% increase in used cooking oil biodiesel on the mixture and the B_sfc increase 3-5% for each 25% increase in used cooking oil biodiesel on the mixture. The measurement of the engine emissions designated that the addition of the percentage of cooking oil biodiesel into the mixture of a resulted in the reduction of the soot particle emission of 4-6% for each 25% increase in the used cooking oil biodiesel. The results of the visualization of the deposit of the used waste cooking oil biodiesel are greater than the fossil diesel. The changes in the degree of the injection time both retarded and advanced 3⁰ CA provided significant changes to the characterization of the combustion.