ESTIMATION OF CARBON DIOXIDE EMISSIONS ON HETEROGENEOUS TRAFFIC BASED ON METROPOLITAN TRAFFIC EMISSIONS INVENTORY MODEL

Abstract

Traffic on the arterial roads of Makassar City is categorized as heterogeneous traffic and can increase motor vehicle emissions. This study aims to estimate CO₂ emissions from vehicles during morning and evening rush-hour traffic on nine arterial roads. This study used the MARNI model approach, which is a prediction model of vehicle emissions in heterogeneous traffic based on moving vehicles, and adapted it to the International Vehicle Emission Model (IVEM). The four factors that are considered to predict vehicle emissions are emission factors, driving cycle as a reference for vehicle speed, vehicle operational characteristics, and travel time. As a result, from 31 vehicle categories, the highest CO₂ emissions are CV₂₄: MPFI, 3 Way/EGR, Medium, and 0–6 years. The highest and lowest vehicle volumes and total CO₂ emissions occurred on the RD3 and RD5 roads, respectively. This indicates a linear correlation between the vehicle volume and the levels of CO₂ emissions. For future studies, the MARNI model can be used as a reference for predicting the emissions of motorcycles and heavy vehicles.